Table of contents

ls

basic usage

ls

show hidden files

ls -a    # including . and ..
ls -A    # excluding . and ..

one entry per line

ls --format=single-column

list format

ls -l

list format without group

ls -o

list format without owner

ls -g

list format without owner, without group

ls -gG

list subdirectories recursively

ls -R

show file sizes (bytes)

ls -s

show file sizes (human readable)

ls -sh

sorting

sort by file size

ls -S     # decreasing
ls -Sr    # increasing

sort by modification time, newest first

ls -t

reverse sort order

ls -r